UEAB Repository :: Browsing by Author "Jackie K. Obey"

Browsing by Author "Jackie K. Obey"

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Antibacterial activity of Methanolic extracts of Cola nitida Seeds on Selected Pathogenic Organisms
(International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences (IJCMAS), 2014) Jackie K. Obey; T.Anthoney Swamy
Cola nitida has been used in folk medicine and is a member of the family Steculicca. The aim of the current study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of Cola nitida. Antibacterial screening was done using agar well diffusion method against Bacillus cereus, Serratia marcescens, Staphyloccus epidermidis, Proteus vulgaris and Salmonella typhi. The results of antibacterial activity of red Cola nitida showed a zone of inhibition of 23.67±0.882 on Bacillus cereus, 22.67±1.452 on Serratia marcescens, 24.33±0.667 on Staphyloccus epidermidis and 13.00±0.577 on Proteus vulgaris. The penicillin control showed large zones of inhibition except for B. cereus and DMSO did not show any zones of inhibition. The antibacterial property shown by the plant extracts is an evidence of the ethnomedicinal uses of the plants. Incorporation of active compounds isolated from the methanol extract of Cola nitida into conventional drug preparations can also tackle the challenges posed by drug resistant microorganisms.
Antimalarial Activity of Croton macrostachyus Stem Bark Extracts against Plasmodium berghei In Vivo
(2018) Jackie K. Obey ; Paul Kiprono; Moses M.Ngeiywa; Sabah Omar; AttevonWright; Jussi Kauhanen; CarinaTikkanen-Kaukanen
Appraisal of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Secondary School Students Regarding HIV and AIDS in Kuria East Sub County, Kenya
(British Journal of Medical and Health Research, 2016) Immaculate N. Marwa; Jackie K. Obey; Fred Amimo
HIV and AIDS continue to be a heavy burden to most individuals, families and countries especially in the developing countries. Empowerment of the youth regarding HIV and AIDS can have a lifelong influence on their behaviour as individuals, their families and their communities. Youths when equipped with proper knowledge early in life, change of attitude and practices will be inevitable. The main objective for the study was to determine the current knowledge, attitudes and practices of secondary school students regarding HIV and AIDS in Kuria-Sub County, Kenya. Descriptive survey using a self-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 354 students who were randomly selected from 6 schools out of 11 schools. The participants composed of 54% boys and 46% girls. Data was analysed using SPSS Version 17.0. The results show that students’ level of knowledge was high at an average score of 16.96 (73%), the average positive attitude of students was 10.50 (55.26%) while negative attitude standing at 8.50 (44.73%). The average acceptable practice was 4.62(46.2%) both towards people with HIV and towards the disease itself for behavior change. Approximately 5.38 (53.8%) of students still take the risk to expose themselves to HIV and AIDS regardless of year of study. There is need to intensify and broaden HIV education among primary schools and secondary schools, enhance HIV counselling in secondary schools on effects of stigmatisation, increase mass media campaigns against HIV specifically among secondary school students. Further consider distribution of condoms to secondary schools and the community, conduct frequent evaluation of the behaviour change programs. HIV youth programs in Kenya should focus on the attitudes and practices of the youth in order to change the picture of the whole youth population.
Determination of iron content in selected indigenous green leafy vegetables in Baraton, Kenya.
(International Journal of Bioassays, 2016-06-13) Anthoney Swamy T1; Nyabwari Loice Kerubo; Jackie K. Obey; Magut Hillary
A study was done to determine the level of iron in selected indigenous vegetables using UV-vis spectrophotometric method. The four indigenous vegetables that was frequently consumed by Baraton families were; amaranths, pumpkin leaves, spider plant, and bacella alba, were selected for the study. Absorbance measurement was done on the ash samples of cooked and uncooked vegetables using UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 458 nm. The results showed among the uncooked vegetables, the iron concentration ranged from 0.081 to 0.23 ppm with pumpkin leaves and baccela alba recording the lowest and highest level respectively. The cooked vegetables had Fe levels ranging for 0.041 ppm to 0.43 ppm with pumpkin leaves and amaranths having lowest and highest Fe levels respectively. One sample t-test analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the Fe levels in the cooked and uncooked vegetables P>0.05. The findings showed that the sampled vegetables are a source of iron in diet.
Evaluation of in vitro antibacterial activity in Senna didymobotrya roots methanolic-aqua extract and the selected fractions against selected pathogenic microorganisms
(Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci, 2014) Anthoney Swamy T; Mutuku Chrispus Ngule; Jackie K. Obey; Akumu Edwin; Makau Elijah Ngule
The study was done to evaluate antibacterial activity in Senna didymobotrya roots methanolic-aqua extract and the selected fractions against selected pathogenic bacterial organisms. The aqueous fraction of S. didymobotrya root inhibited B.cereus giving the best results followed by Salmonella typhi, P.vulgaris, S. liquefaciens and E. coli respectively. There was no inhibition for E. aerogenes. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the organisms were significantly different in the zones of inhibition (p< 0.05). The ethyl acetate fraction of S. didymobotrya root extract inhibited B. cereus the best followed by, Salmonella typhi, P.vulgaris, S. liquefaciens and E. coli respectively(Table 1). The extract fraction did not inhibit E. aerogenes. The crude extract of S. didymobotrya root inhibited all the organisms, with the best zone of inhibition been that of Bacillus cereus (29.67±0.882), followed by P.vulgaris (16.67±0.667), Salmonella typhi (15.67±0.667), E. coli (13.33± 0.667), E. aerogenes (12.00±0.000) and Serratia liquefaciens (11.33±0.667). These results have shown that S. didymobotrya extract show significant activity against all the organisms tested. The inhibition of the plant roots extract to the growth of all the organisms greatly depicts the plant roots to have great potency towards the treatment of diseases caused by the organisms. The antibacterial activity of the plant roots is due to the presence of important phytochemicals as observed in previous studies. Further research needs to be done in order to isolate the active compounds, their structural elucidation, mode of action and their effect in the in vivo environment.
In Vitro Antibacterial activity of Ethanolic - aqua extract of Tagetes minuta leaves harvested from The University of Eastern Africa, Baraton, Nandi County, Kenya
(INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY & LIFE SCIENCES, 2015-05) Anthoney Swamy T; Jackie K. Obey; Terer E. Kipngetich; Miyogo Edwin
Tagetes minuta is a plant that has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various illnesses. In this study, the ethanolic extract of T. minuta was tested for its antibacterial activity against selected microorganisms of clinical significance. In an antibiotic susceptibility assay using the plant extract and DMSO control, the results from the study showed that the extract was active against Proteus vulgaris with zone of inhibition of 17.30±0.333mm, Escherichia coli 9.30±0.333mm, Salmonella typhi 11.83±0.44mm, Bacillus cereus 8.00±0.000 and Enterobacter aerogenes 16.67±0.882mm. The penicillin positive control showed high zones of inhibition while the DMSO negative control showed no zones of inhibition. An analysis of variance test on the results showed that there were significant differences in the zones of inhibition of the extract and penicillin against all the organisms (p<0.0001). These results have shown that the growth of these organisms can be controlled with the extract, hence making the extract components potential agents for incorporation into drug production.
In vitro Antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of Myrsine africana against laboratory strains of pathogenic organisms
(I IN NT TE ER RN NA AT TI IO ON NA AL L J JO OU UR RN NA AL L O OF F B BI IO OA AS SS SA AY YS S, 2016-03-10) Jackie K. Obey; Anthoney Swamy; Lasiti Timothy; Makani Rachel
The determination of the antibacterial activity (zone of inhibition) and minimum inhibitory concentration of medicinal plants a crucial step in drug development. In this study, the antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration of the ethanol extract of Myrsine africana were determined for Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The zones of inhibition (mm±S.E) of 500mg/ml of M. africana ethanol extract were 22.00± 0.00 for E. coli,20.33 ±0.33 for B. cereus,25.00± 0.00 for S. epidermidis and 18. 17±0.17 for S. pneumoniae. The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) is the minimum dose required to inhibit growth a microorganism. Upon further double dilution of the 500mg/ml of M. africana extract, MIC was obtained for each organism. The MIC for E. coli, B. cereus, S. epidermidis and S. pneumoniae were 7.81mg/ml, 7.81mg/ml, 15.63mg/ml and 15.63mg/ml respectively. Crude extracts are considered active when they inhibit microorganisms with zones of inhibition of 8mm and above. Therefore, this study
In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity of infused Cola nitida seeds
(Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci, 2014) Jackie K. Obey; T.Anthoney Swamy
The aim of the current work is to investigate the antibacterial activity of infused Cola nitida seeds. Antibacterial screening was done using agar well diffusion method against Bacillus cereus, Serratia marcescens, Staphyloccus epidermidis, Proteus vulgaris and Salmonella typhi. The extract inhibited the growth of Bacillus cereus with a zone of inhibition of 14.33±0.882, Serratia marcescens 26.67±1.202 and Staphylococcus epidermidis 12.33±0.577. The penicillin control showed large zones of inhibition and DMSO did not show any zones of inhibition. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) performed on the data showed that there were significant differences in the zone of inhibition formed by the extract and antibiotic control (p<0.0001). A Tukey s multiple comparison tests also revealed several differences in the zones of inhibition of the extract between organisms and between all the organisms and their controls. Few pairwise comparisons showed that the zones did not differ significantly between organisms. The present study has proved that it is possible to control the growth of some pathogenic microorganisms using the infused extract of Cola nitida. The infused extracts from the plant can therefore be considered by pharmaceutical industries in production of cheap, affordable and available drugs for the cure of infections caused by these organisms in situations where expensive conventional drugs are unavailable.
PHYTOPHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF LANTANA CAMARA LEAVES’ SMOKE
(International Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, 2014-06) Akumu Edwin O; Anthoney Swamy T; Mutuku Chrispus Ngule; Jackie K. Obey
Lantana camara has been named as one of the most important medicinal plants in the world. The plant has been used in various communities for treatment against various diseases. The plant has been found to have antibacterial activity, anticancer activity, anti-fungal activity, antihelmentic activity, anti hyperglycemic activity and antioxidant activity. The plant’s leaves smoke has also been found to have mosquito repellent activity. The KEY WORDS current study was done to evaluate phytochemistry of the smoke from its leaves. This study revealed the presence of several compounds from its smoke. Acetone extract was found to contain only alkaloids, methanol extract was found to contain tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids and steroids while the aqua extract was found to contain only flavonoids. Further research needs to be done to determine the structural composition of these compounds their mode of action and their effect in the in vivo environment.
Prevalence of Gender-Based Violence among Pregnant Women attending Antenatal Care at a Tertiary Health Institution in Benin City, Nigeria
(Texila International Journal of Public Health, 2013-08-03) Musa Adah Giftson; Jackie K. Obey; Poornima Ramasamy; James A. Osaikhuwuomwan
Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the socioeconomic/demography and prevalence of gender-based violence among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinic (ANCC) at University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH), Benin City, Nigeria. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out to study the socioeconomic/demography and prevalence of gender-based violence among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinic at UBTH. To achieve this, questionnaire method was used to collect the necessary data. A self administered questionnaire with closed ended questions were implored. Study Limitation: In this study, one of the major constraints is that respondents were only women attending antenatal clinic at University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH), Benin City, Nigeria. This means that the respondents might not represent the entire Nigerian population of pregnant women and what others might be experiencing in other parts of Nigeria. Results: It was quite evident that the age range of the respondents was 15-54 years while 25-34 years were the majority of the respondents; age range of 45-54 years were the least. The prevalence of emotional abuse in the study was 22.0%, that of physical abuse was 22.9%, the prevalence of respondents being hit, slapped, kicked or hurt physically during pregnancy was 7.3%. The prevalence of respondents being forced to have sexual activities in the last 12 months was 2.8%. The prevalence of respondents scared of anyone was 2.3%. Conclusion: The study established the different forms of GBV to include emotional violence, physical violence and sexual violence, amongst others.

Browsing by Author "Jackie K. Obey"

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