Browsing by Author "Wakoli, A. B."
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Item EFFECT OF SELECTED SPICES ON FOOD SPOILAGE RATE(EFFECT OF SELECTED SPICES ON FOOD SPOILAGE RATE, 2014-12) Wakoli, A. B.; Onyango D. A. O.; Rotich P. J.Food preservation aims at stopping or slowing down spoilage (loss of quality, edibility or nutritional value) of food. This study’s intent was to determine the effect of sage, ginger, cumin, garlic and mixed spice on spoilage rate of cooked pumpkin. The study used an experiment where objective evaluation and subjective evaluation were employed. A t-test was used to find significant differences and Pearson correlation for correlations at a significance level of 0.05. Findings showed a significance (p<0.05) difference in bacterial growth between the food samples with spices and the control. Of the spiced food samples, one with garlic had the lowest bacterial count (1) and took the longest time to spoil (5 days). Pearson correlation showed an inverse relationship between bacterial growth and the time taken for the food to spoil. Moreover, spices help to preserve as well as improve on the shelf life of food items. Key words: spice, food, prevention, spoilage.Item EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING PRACTICE: ITS IMPLICATION ON NUTRITION STATUS, GROWTH AND MORBIDITY PATTERN AMONG INFANTS AGED 0-6 MONTHS(Global Journal of Biology, Agriculture & Health Sciences, 2024-03) Ayisi, R. K.; Wakoli, A. B.Breast-feeding is an important determinant of a child’s nutritional status that eventually influences his/her growth and development. This study sought to assess the exclusive breastfeeding rate and determine its association with nutrition status, growth and morbidity pattern among infants aged 0-6 months in a peri urban settlement of Kangemi-Nairobi County, Kenya. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. A random sample of 334 infants was studied. Data collection tools and methods included a semi-structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements. A chi-square test was used to find associations at a significance level of 0.05. Findings showed that over a half (52.7%) of study infants were girls and almost a half (47.3%) were boys. The mean age was 3±1.8 months. The exclusive breastfeeding rate was 45.5% and it was associated with growth and stunting (9.3%) among study infants. Wasting (3.1%), underweight (4.5%) and morbidity pattern were not related with exclusive breastfeeding.Item EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING PRACTICE: ITS IMPLICATION ON NUTRITION STATUS, GROWTH AND MORBIDITY PATTERN AMONG INFANTS AGED 0-6 MONTHS(Global Journal of Biology, Agriculture & Health Sciences, 2014-03) Ayisi, R. K; Wakoli, A. B.Breast-feeding is an important determinant of a child’s nutritional status that eventually influences his/her growth and development. This study sought to assess the exclusive breastfeeding rate and determine its association with nutrition status, growth and morbidity pattern among infants aged 0-6 months in a peri urban settlement of Kangemi-Nairobi County, Kenya. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. A random sample of 334 infants was studied. Data collection tools and methods included a semi-structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements. A chi-square test was used to find associations at a significance level of 0.05. Findings showed that over a half (52.7%) of study infants were girls and almost a half (47.3%) were boys. The mean age was 3±1.8 months. The exclusive breastfeeding rate was 45.5% and it was associated with growth and stunting (9.3%) among study infants. Wasting (3.1%), underweight (4.5%) and morbidity pattern were not related with exclusive breastfeeding.Item Experiences in Care Given During Child Birth at a Referral Hospital in Kenya(Global Journal of Biology, Agriculture & Health Sciences, 2016-03) Kabo, J. W.; Karani, A.; Oyieke, J; Wakoli, A. B.; Cheruiyot, B.The fifth Millennium development Goal (MDG) calls for a reduction in the maternal mortality ratio (MMR) by 75% between 1990 and 2015, with a key indicator being the proportion of births attended to by skilled health personnel, (United Nations, 2007). In Kenya the MMR is 400 and has made insufficient progress towards improving maternal health, (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, 2013). According to KDHS (2014), the proportion of skilled birth attendance is 46.5%, while in Kenya it is 62% against an MDG target of 90%. According to Zaers S., et al., (2008), prior experience in delivery care by skilled attendants affects their subsequent use of these services. In Africa little research has been carried out on the experiences of mothers in facility-based delivery care. This study was therefore set to describe the experiences of women during labour and delivery at a referral hospital in Kenya This was a cross sectional descriptive study that focused on experiences of delivery care by postnatal mothers at a referral hospital in Kenya. Systematic random sampling from a sampling frame of 327 was employed to recruit post-natal mothers who delivered in labour ward and four postnatal wards. A total of 109 participants were recruited into the study. Views and experiences of recently delivered women were elicited using a five-point Likert scale questionnaire focusing on four dimensions of participants’ intrapartum experience. Data was analyzed using ANOVA. Research results were presented in frequency distribution tables, graphs and charts. P-values were used to determine the statistical significance of the results obtained. Most participants (87.7%) agreed that they were treated with respect, accorded privacy and asked to consent, prior to the initiation of the procedures. A single aspect of communication, namely health provider explanation of health status with understandable terms was poorly rated (mean 1.8 to 2.2) as was the level of genuine interest in patient well-being (mean = 1.7 to 2.0) which was significant in the study. Most participant (n = 102(93.6%) said they would recommend delivery services at KNH to friends or family, although 6% of them said they would not recommend. Majority of the participants had a positive experience of quality in delivery care. This was evidenced by the fact that majority of then stated that they would come to deliver in the same institution again or recommend a relative or friend. Aspects of care such as health providers communicating to clients in understandable terms and showing genuine interest in patients wellbeing was rated poorly. Institutional factors such as inadequate space and shortage of staff were also noted to be significantly contributing to negative experience of delivery care in the studyItem FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING AMONG INFANTS AGED 0-6 MONTHS IN A PERI-URBAN LOW INCOME SETTLEMENT OF KANGEMI, NAIROBI(Global Journal of Biology, Agriculture & Health Sciences, 2014-12) Ayisi, R. K; Thuita, F.; Njeru, E.; Wakoli, A. B.Breastfeeding is an important determinant of a child’s growth and development. This study’s intent was to determine prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding and its associated factors among infants aged 0-6 months in a peri-urban area, Kangemi in Nairobi County. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. The study employed sampling with probability proportional to size (PPS). A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to randomly selected 334 mother-infant pairs for infants aged 0-6 months. To determine factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding, a chi- square test and Logistic regression were used at a significance level of 0.05. From the study findings, the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding was 45.5% among infants aged 0-6 months in Kangemi, Nairobi. The practice of exclusive breastfeeding decreased with age of infant. Further, age of infant, household income, father’s education, household size and birth spacing were found to be important factors in the initiation and maintenance of exclusive breastfeeding.Item INCREASE IN UNDERNUTRITION AMONG CHILDREN AGED 6-59 MONTHS IN KAMORIONGO VILLAGE, NANDI COUNTY, KENYA(International Journal of Academic Research and Reflection, 2015) Nabie, M. M,; Onyango, D. A. O,; Wakoli, A. B.Malnutrition affects a large proportion of children aged 6-59 months in the developing world. It can manifest itself as either undernutrition or overnutrition. Undernutrition encompasses wasting, underweight and stunting. There has been a notable increase in undernutrition levels over the years in Nandi County. This study sought to determine the factors associated with increase in undernutrition among children aged 6-59 months in Kamoriongo village, Nandi County. The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. One hundred and one children aged between 6-59 months were purposively selected to participate in the study. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire to elicit information on socio-demographic characteristics and other factors. Anthropometric measurements were determined based on World Health Organization (WHO) standard produces. Food frequency questionnaire was used to collect information on food consumption. An analysis of anthropometric data was done using Emergency Nutrition Assessment (ENA) software to determine the Z-score values. Chi-square was used to determine relationships between the variables at a significance level of 0.05. According to the study, the prevalence of wasting was 15.2%, stunting 39.4% and underweight 47.5%. Factors associated with undernutrition were found to be: mother’s level of education, introduction of complementary feeding, child’s intake of fruits, vegetables, milk, eggs and meat.Item Nutritional Knowledge, Dietary Intake and Nutritional Status of Athletes Undertaking Training in Nandi County(University of Eastern Africa, Baraton, 2025) Atieno, L. B.; Boor, F. K.; Wakoli, A. B.; Kiptui, C. J.; Chepkoech, M.Training and competing in sports involve a range of activities of varying energy demands. Athletics is one of the sports where athletes might face a challenge in balancing their individual energy needs due to inadequate dietary intake and restriction of energy intake to maintain a low body mass and fat level. In addition, understanding of the required practice of sports nutrition will contribute to optimal athletic performance. This study intended to assess the nutrition knowledge, nutritional status and dietary intake of athletes in selected training camps of Nandi County. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed where four training camps were purposively selected for the study. A total of 82 athletes were conveniently recruited into the study. A self-administered questionnaire and anthropometric measuring equipment for weight and height were used for data collection. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Spearman correlation was used to check for correlations at a significance level of 0.05. From the study findings, nearly all (98.8%) of the respondents had heard about sports nutrition; of these, coaches were leading at 48.8% while nutritionists stood at 18.3%. Generally, dietary intake was adequate. Over three-quarters (82%) of respondents had a normal BMI. A Spearman correlation found no significant correlation (p>0.05) between nutritional status and dietary intake as well as nutritional knowledge of athletes. The study indicated the highest source of nutritional knowledge were coaches with nutritionists being among the least sourced. This might have compromised the accuracy of information received. Therefore, it is crucial for nutritionists to take lead and at the same time coaches, sports managers and scientists be furnished with guidelines on sports nutrition in order to guarantee that athletes are given appropriate and reliable information.