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Recent Submissions
An Analysis of Extrinsic Motivation Strategies Employed at Kipchabo Tea Factory, Nandi County, Kenya
(Journal of African Interdisciplinary Studies, 2025-04) Lelimo, Abraham K.; Gitonga, Nathan; Misoi, Meshack
The top priority of many corporate organizations currently is to enhance employee performance so as to attain the desired outcomes from them, but this is proving to be more difficult and challenging because of the competitive atmosphere of the company setting. Among the key industries affected is the tea industry, which is among the fast-growing industries in Kenya. This study examined extrinsic motivation strategies used in Kipchabo Tea Factory, Nandi County. The study sought to identify the types of motivation employed at Kipchabo Tea Factory and was guided by Herzberg’s and Maslow’s theories of motivation. A descriptive research design was adopted. Reliability was tested using Cronbach’s alpha, yielding a coefficient of 0.709. Findings indicated mean scores ranging from 2.98 to 3.28 across extrinsic motivation indicators, including recognition and awards, promotion, job security, workplace environment, training and development, team building activities, leadership and management support, and compensation and benefits. The results indicate good implementation of extrinsic motivation strategies at Kipchabo Tea Factory. The study concludes that effective integration of these strategies into daily operations and human resource practices, together with employee feedback, can enhance employee performance.
Fault Characterization from Lineaments based on Magnetic Data: A Case Study of Magadi Geothermal Prospect, Kenya
(Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), 2025) Odero, Evance; Githiri, John; K’Orowe, Maurice; Jayanti, Patel
Fault characterization is a crucial aspect of exploring geothermal resources. This study aims to characterize faults from lineaments using magnetic data from the Magadi-Nguruman area, west of Lake Magadi, within the Kenyan Rift system. Magnetic data were reduced to pole before lineament generation using the Centre of Exploration Targeting (CET) processes and Euler Deconvolution. A rose diagram was used to determine the orientation of 21 major lineaments. Seven cross-sectional slices across the lineaments provided data for calculating Euler solutions for linear magnetic anomaly sources. The Euler plots delineated the approximate depth, dip angles, identity, and strike of the structures linked to the lineaments. Results characterized 80% of the generated lineaments as faults, generally striking N-S. The dipping angles ranged between 36° and 83°, mostly dipping toward the southern basement of Lake Magadi. Depths of detected faults ranged from 0.25 km to 0.74 km. The observed trends align with reported regional fault orientations, confirming the reliability of the method. The study indicates that Magadi-Nguruman is sufficiently faulted for a possible geothermal system near Lake Magadi.
Adherence to iron deficiency interventions among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Ubungo municipality, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
(Bulletin of the National Research Centre, 2025-01-22) Glory Benjamin; Ezra J. Mrema; Nchang’wa Nhumba; Albert Burudi Wakoli; Hussein H. Mwanga
Abstract
Background
Iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women remains a public health concern despite iron deficiency interventions that have been implemented. This study investigated adherence to iron deficiency interventions and the associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Ubungo Municipality.
Methods
This cross-sectional study used a systematic random sampling technique to obtain 503 participants from the surveyed clinics. Interviews were conducted by using interviewer-administered questionnaires. Data were analyzed using Stata version 17. The study employed binary and multivariable logistic regression analysis to determine factors associated with adherence to iron deficiency interventions.
Results
In this study, 72% of participants were non-adherent and 28% were adherent to the interventions. In multivariable regression analysis, participants who forgot to take their iron tables on most days (AOR 2.35; 95% CI 1.23–4.48) and those who reported that not enough time was spent on education and counseling during antenatal clinic visits (AOR 3.87; 95% CI 1.08–13.84) were more likely to be non-adherent to iron deficiency interventions.
Conclusions
Majority of pregnant women in Ubungo Municipality were non-adherent to iron deficiency interventions. Non-adherence was associated with a tendency to forget taking iron tablets, and lack of enough time in providing health education and counseling. Improving the quality of health education and counseling could increase adherence to iron deficiency interventions and reduce maternal–child morbidity and mortality rates.
From the Classroom into Virtual Learning Environments: Essential Knowledge, Competences, Skills and Pedagogical Strategies for the 21st Century Teacher Education in Kenya
(2021-04-14) Catherine Adhiambo Amimo
As teachers in Kenya begin to migrate from the classroom to virtual learning
spaces following COVID 19 pandemic, there is pressing need to realign Teacher
Education to requisite Knowledge, competences, skills, and attitudes that will support
online teaching. This chapter explores these needs using a combination of lived
experiences and literature review that captured a meta-analysis of research trends
on e-learning. While trends in Teacher Education indicate progression towards
adoption of technology, there are disparities between the theory and practice.
Evidence from recent research and reports; and the recollected experiences confirmed
knowledge, competence, skills and pedagogical gaps in the implementation
of online learning, that have been exacerbated by COVID-19. The researcher recommends
that teacher education should sensitize and train teacher trainees on how to
access, analyze and use new knowledge emerging with technology; they also should
be coached on how learners learn with technology and on fundamentals of the communication
process. Particularly the course on educational technology, should focus
on how to create and manage online courses. The 5-stage E-Moderator Model and
Universal Design for Learning (UDL) are recommended as effective pedagogical
scaffold for online teaching.
Numerical Study of Shear Banding in Flows of Fluids Governed by the Rolie-Poly Two-Fluid Model via Stabilized Finite Volume Methods
(Processes | An Open Access Journal from MDPI, 2020-07-09) Jade Gesare Abuga; Tiri Chinyoka
The flow of viscoelastic fluids may, under certain conditions, exhibit shear-banding
characteristics that result fromtheir susceptibility to unusual flowinstabilities. In thiswork, we explore
both the existing shear banding mechanisms in the literature, namely; constitutive instabilities and
flow-induced inhomogeneities. Shear banding due to constitutive instabilities is modelled via either
the Johnson–Segalman or the Giesekus constitutive models. Shear banding due to flow-induced
inhomogeneities is modelled via the Rolie–Poly constitutive model. The Rolie–Poly constitutive
equation is especially chosen because it expresses, precisely, the shear rheometry of polymer solutions
for a large number of strain rates. For the Rolie–Poly approach, we use the two-fluid model wherein
the stress dynamics are coupled with concentration equations. We follow a computational analysis
approach via an efficient and versatile numerical algorithm. The numerical algorithm is based on the
Finite VolumeMethod (FVM) and it is implemented in the open-source software package, OpenFOAM.
The efficiency of our numerical algorithms is enhanced via two possible stabilization techniques,
namely; the Log-Conformation Reformulation (LCR) and the Discrete Elastic Viscous Stress Splitting
(DEVSS) methodologies. We demonstrate that our stabilized numerical algorithms accurately simulate
these complex (shear banded) flows of complex (viscoelastic) fluids. Verification of the shear-banding
results via both the Giesekus and Johnson-Segalman models show good agreement with existing
literature using the DEVSS technique. A comparison of the Rolie–Poly two-fluid model results with
existing literature for the concentration and velocity profiles is also in good agreement.